The Cause And Effect Of Deafness - 1231 Words

About ninety percent of the global population has the ability to hear the sound of their family s voice, hear their favorite songs, hear their own voice, these are just a few sounds that sadly are taken for granted by many people, and unfortunately many will never get to experience. About 10% of the Global population is affected by some percentage of hearing loss with hundred twenty four million people affected from a moderate level to a severe deafness. Deafness is caused by different situations. Research shows that two to three out of thousand children in US are born deaf. There is no actual cure for deafness, but in 1982 the invention of cochlear implants gave profoundly deaf and severely hard of hearing individual the chance to experience sound in a completely new way. This electronic device that is implanted in the brain behind the ears can give deaf individuals hearing ability. While many people can agree this invention had changed the way the world sees deafness, opinions diff er on whether a deaf child needs the implant to be successful. Despite objections by activists in the Deaf community that cochlear implants destroy Deaf culture, children who cannot hear should receive the surgery as a way to improve their communication skills, increase their educational options, and improve their career opportunities. In many ways, deafness is hardest on children. Language is learned from hearing it spoken by parents and other. Deaf children struggle with communicating moreShow MoreRelatedDeafness : What It Is?1083 Words   |  5 Pages What is deafness? Deafness is very different to people’s general perception of what it actually is. The most common view is that it is a complete loss of hearing however deafness is defined as the lack or loss of the ability to hear. You can either be born deaf or gradually lose the ability to hear later on in life (Presbycusis). Pre natal or congenital causes of deafness may be due to a specific X chromosome being passed on through generations of familiesRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Infectious Diseases887 Words   |  4 Pageshealth human being. There are however times when things do not go well, and the developing baby is harmed, and damaged, with lifelong abnormalities. Disease, and chemical substances can cause harm the developing child, these are called teratogens, Fiore (2011) defines teratogens as â€Å"any environmental agent that causes harm to the embryo, or fetus† (p. 69). Infectious diseases can harm the embryo, and fetus during pregnancy, but there are times during development when they are more susceptible, to specificRead MoreJohann Von Beethoven : The Greatest Paradox Of The Realm Of Music1480 Words   |  6 Pageshad made it difficult for him to hear music. Because there were no deafness specialists during this period, the cause of his deafness isn’t concrete. Still, there have been many suggestions as to its origins. McCrone had done an analysis on a sample of Beethoven’s hair, showing that there were alarmingly high levels of lead in his system. Lead poisoning is caused by high concentrations of lead, and has been shown to cause deafness among other symptoms. Around Beethoven’s time, lead was used withoutRead MoreHearing Loss And Cognitive Decline And Dementia829 Words   |  4 PagesLosing our hearing as we age is scary. It causes changes beyond just the ability to hear things properly. Hearing loss modifies the way we perceive the world, and it may even alter our brains in dramatic ways over time. Discover how hearing loss might indicate cognitive decline and what you can do to try to prevent this from happening. Cognitive Decline and Hearing Loss Scientists aren?t precisely sure how hearing loss relates to cognitive decline and dementia, but there are studies that showRead MoreThe Effects Of Deafness On Deaf Children1669 Words   |  7 PagesDeafness has been viewed as a negative label regarding someone with a hearing loss. The term Deaf is considered to be a disability solely on the fact that an individual who is Deaf is not â€Å"normal† due to their hearing loss. Most individuals do not believe that there are any benefits or positives from being Deaf, nor do they believe that a Deaf individual will ever be able to live a happy and fulfilled life. Deaf individuals do not view themselves as disabled nor do they view their lives as a lossRead MoreCommon Symptoms and Damages of Measles Essay584 Words   |  3 PagesThe Latin name for measles is rubeola. The pathogen which causes the disease is a paramyxovirus, which is one of a group of RNA (ribonucleic acid) viruses. Measles is a respiratory disease caused by a virus , and also comes out in a rash. The virus enters the body via the respiratory system, and grows in the cells at the back of the throat and in the cells that line the lungs, from there it then enters the blood stream and circulates the body. Common Symptoms Usually a person doesn’t start toRead MoreThe Media And Health And Safety Of The Worlds Population1738 Words   |  7 Pagesspread of diseases, the possibility of an epidemic, and another devastating pandemic in history like the black plague. Although vaccines provide a resistance to diseases, many people question the safety of them. There is a famous theory that vaccines cause autism due to the chemicals within the vaccines, even though scientific evidence denies any connection. One of the reasons that this theory still exists is due to the portrayal of information from the media. Based on the opinion of the media outletRead MoreDeafness Has Been A Negative Label. Being Deaf Is Considered1528 Words   |  7 PagesDeafness has been a negative label. Being Deaf is considered to be a disability solely on the belief that an individual who is Deaf is not â€Å"normal† due to their hearing loss. Most individuals do not believe that there are any benefits or positives from being Deaf, nor do they believe that a Deaf individual will ever be able to live a happy and fulfilled life. However, Deaf individuals do not view themselves as disabled nor do they view their lives lacking anything, rather they view their DeafnessRead MoreDeaf Studies And Deaf Education1736 Words   |  7 PagesEducation, Weisel and Kamara examine the effect of deafness and hard of hearing (D/HH) on Attachment in young adults. They write: In combination with the auditory aspects of all of the previous work examined, this may lead one to believe that there is a potentially severe deficit when a hearing mother has a deaf child. This makes logical sense on the surface, since the norm is to have full capacity to hear. Failure to have a full capacity to hear may cause a failure to have full capacity to developRead MoreHearing Loss Essay1659 Words   |  7 Pagesconductive.Conductive hearing loss may be temporary or permanent. It can be caused by something as simple as a buildup of earwax or an ear infection. Sensorineural Problems ahead of this point lead to sensorineural hearing loss, also known as nerve deafness. Normally, the vibrations from the middle ear create waves in the fluid inside the cochlea. The waves in turn stimulate thousands of delicate hair cells that line the cochlea. Their movement makes nerve impulses in the auditory nerve, which lies

Reasons Why Nazis Came to Power in 1933 - 1712 Words

Reasons Why Nazis Came to Power in 1933 There are several factors that enabled the Nazi party, with Hitler as its leader, was able to come to power in Germany in 1933. There are 5 main reasons involved history, economics, politics and the personality of Hitler. The main political events occurred in 1923 and 1933. The Treaty of Versailles was one of the most important causes that led to Hitlers rise in Germany. From the German point of view the treaty was incredibly harsh and devastating for Germany. The treaty contained five major points that would be Germanys demise. Germany was reduced severely as a military power. Due to this the country also had a huge problem in dealing with the large†¦show more content†¦The Saar Coalmines made a lot of money, and were very profitable to Germany. A big industry had been taken away from Germany. All three of these points, accepting the blame for the war, disarmament and the lost of the territory made the country feel weak. It was a total humiliation to the Germans and to the man in the army at that time, Hitler. All of Germanys overseas colonies were given to the victors as mandates, or territories held in trust until they were ready for independence. The other terms of the treaty was the war reparations that Germany was forced to pay. The su m of this was  £6,6oo million. Germany felt this was far too much. The lost of Germanys territory e.g. the Saar coalfields and other territories made it harder for Germany to pay the reparations. It caused a tremendous economic problems in Germany. The German people were starving and living in poverty. This soon caused inflation that sprouted to hyperinflation and so the Economic depression of the 1920 ´s in Germany occurred. This is an ongoing long-term cause was the heart itself of many more causes in the rise of Hitler. This an minor reason why the Nazi rise in power because one of their ideas is to over turn the Treaty of Versailles and the anti-Versailles attitude in Germany help put Nazi into power. Across all social class appeal. But the Treaty of Versailles is an indirect reason for the Nazi riseShow MoreRelated‘Fear of Communism Best Explains Hitler’s Appointment as Chancellor in January 1933’. to What Extent Do You Agree with This Opinion?1262 Words   |  6 Pages‘Fear of Communism best explains Hitler’s appointment as Chancellor in January 1933’. To what extent do you agree with this opinion? During Germany’s period of depression votes for extremist parties, such as the Nazis and Communists, increased as people were desperate for something new and in January 1933 Hitler was appointed chancellor. The most important reason as to why Hitler was appointed chancellor was because of the attitude of the elite as they would be the one deciding who to be chancellorRead More Hitler Appointment as Chancellor in 1933 Essay1387 Words   |  6 Pages Hitler Appointment as Chancellor in 1933 On the 30th January 1933 Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany, an event which led to the establishment of a Nazi dictatorship, and was one of the major reasons why World War II broke out, which had far reaching consequences that still affect us to this day. It also led to a rein of monstrous acts of tyranny and genocide, that historians have called the most appalling times in History. But as Historian John Snell asksRead MoreHow Successful Were Hitlers Economic Policies from 1933 – 39?929 Words   |  4 Pagessuccessful were Hitlers economic policies from 1933 – 39? Superficially, Hitlers economic policies were extremely successful. He appeared to have virtually eradicated unemployment, something no democratic Western power was able to achieve in the 1930s and within three years of gaining office. Yet beneath the economic miracle, as Ian Kershaw points out, Hitler was pursuing economic policies in those early years which could only lead to war or a loss of power. The reality was that Hitler understoodRead MoreThe Holocaust was a very hateful time for the Jews. Adolf Hitler was known as the Der Fà ¼hrer (The600 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Jews. Adolf Hitler was known as the Der Fà ¼hrer (The Leader). Adolf Hitler was the main reason for The Holocaust. Hitler had control over Germany from 1933-1945. Hitler had a very hateful feeling for the Jews. This is how The Holocaust came to be. How Hitler Came to Power Adolf Hitler’s rise to power In Germany was nothing less than astounding. Hitler first came in to power on January 20, 1933, after he was awarded with the Iron Cross First Class and Black Wound Badge and was appointedRead MoreReasons Behind the Nazis Coming to Power Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesReasons Behind the Nazis Coming to Power In January 1933, Hitler became chancellor of Germany, there are many reasons for him and the Nazis coming into power. They are long term and short-term cause, which can be classed under 3 main headings: weakness of opposition, strengths of Nazis and economic factors. The weaknesses of the opposition helped the Nazis come into power because Hitler took advantage of them. The failure of the Weimar government was a long-term reasonRead MoreEssay about National Socialism: The Loss of Individuality800 Words   |  4 PagesNational Socialism: The Loss of Individuality National Socialism in Germany between 1933 and 1945 offered no room for individuality. The unification of Germany and the purification of the Arian race did not allow for the citizens in Nazi Germany to have any singularity. The rise of National Socialism was due to many linked motivations, from the disgrace that the Germanys were feeling after their defeat in the First World War, to the racism against the Jews that plagued all of Europe. Read MoreWhy I Didn t Jews Leave Germany Sooner?949 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Why didn’t Jews leave Germany sooner?† â€Å"Why did they not resist their deportation to the death camps more forcefully?† – Questions of this nature have been asked continuously throughout the last five decades. Hindsight can give the impression that the encounter between Jews and the Third Reich during the Holocaust had to unfold as it eventually did, prompting the question of why Jews failed to see the proverbial writing on the wall. However, if historians have found it troubling to determine preciselyRead MoreThe Weimar Republics Failure and Hitlers Gain of Power in 1933639 Words   |  3 Pagesof Power in 1933 After the failure to win World War I, Germany was faced with a new government, the German people hoped that this government would set Germany on its way to recovery in terms of economically and as a country. The new government was set up in a small town outside Berlin; this is where the government took its name from. The Weimar republic was formed in 1918. The government only lasted 14 years, until it failed and the Nazi party took charge in 1933. IRead MoreHitler s Influence On The Nazi Party1440 Words   |  6 Pagesto the Nazi state. The power and intelligence of the Nazi Party from 1933 to 1939 would forever change Germany and its way of life. Hitler was determined to influence the youth to support the Nazi movement and all the ethics and ideas that the party stood for. He was aware that it was crucial to encourage children and teenagers to be involved in order for the Nazi party to maintain their power for years to come. The Hitler-Jugend (Hitler Youth) was considered vital and became the sole Nazi youthRead MoreThe Nazi Regime Depended More on Broad Popularity Than Terror in the Years 19331583 Words   |  7 PagesThe Nazi regime depended more on broad popularity than terror in the years 1933-39. Throughout the years 1933-1939, the Nazis consolidated and strengthened their power over the German people in a number of ways. The debate as to whether they depended on their broad popularity or on terror has been argued by historians ever since. The view given by Gellately in Source 4 strongly agrees with that in the question, whereas Evans, in Source 5 combines the terror and popularity aspects of the regime

German Phrasebook on Classroom Vocabulary

This phrasebook, a collection of English-German phrases and expressions for the German-language classroom, is intended as an aid for students who will use the target language (die Zielsprache: Deutsch) in a classroom setting. For beginners, use of a phonetic  German Alphabet  can help with pronunciation, as this guidance is not included here. Showing Respect Forms of Address: Mrs./Ms. Schmidt, Mr. Schmidt Anredeformen: Frau Schmidt, Herr Schmidt Note: Always address your teacher, professor, or other school personnel as Sie! Your fellow students should be addressed as du (one) or ihr (more than one). Common Classroom Phrases Hi there! Hi everyone!Hallo allerseits! Hallo alle zusammen! Sorry Im late.Tut mir Leid, dass ich zu spà ¤t komme. What does ___ mean?Was bedeutet/heißt ___? Whats the German for ___?Was heißt ___ auf Deutsch? I dont understand.Ich verstehe nicht. More slowly, please.Lamgsamer bitte. Pardon? What was that? (I didnt understand)Wie bitte? (Avoid Was?, the German equivalent of Huh?) Could you please repeat that? (to teacher)Bitte wiederholen Sie das! Could you please repeat that? (to student)Noch einmal bitte! May I go to the restroom?Darf ich auf die Toilette?/aufs Klo? Could I go out/leave for a minute?Darf ich kurz mal hinausgehen? How do you spell that?Wie schreibt man das? Ive already done that.Ich hab das schon gemacht. Do we have homework?Haben wir Hausaufgaben? Which page/exercise?Welche Seite/ÃÅ"bung? I dont know.Ich weiß nicht. I have no idea.Ich habe keine Ahnung. yes - no - OKja - nein - Schon gut. Whats the difference between ___ and ___?Was ist der Unterschied zwischen ___ und ___?

Problem Human Rights Violations In Sino-Africa Cooperation

Problem: Human Rights Violations in Sino-Africa Cooperation China’s increasing presence in Africa has been exposed to international critiques for human rights violations. Rampant land grabbing by Chinese companies, labor abuses in Chinese factories and farms, and China’s close bonds with authoritarian governments are three major problems that have become protuberant, impeding the progress of China’s â€Å"Going-Abroad† strategy in Africa. Take China’s footprint in the African agricultural sector, for example. According to Human Rights Watch in 2012, the agriculture investment contract between China and Ethiopia helped foment the legitimacy of the notorious â€Å"Villagization† program through which the Ethiopian government forcibly relocated†¦show more content†¦As Chinese investments grow to be a major source of foreign direct investment in Africa , it accords with China’s long-term interest to improve Chinese investmentsâ₠¬â„¢ humanitarian record in Africa and take up broader responsibilities for African development. There are two tendencies to explain why the Chinese government needs a redirection of Sino-Africa cooperation : a) Growing resistance to Chinese money has been proved by the increasing number of conflicts between Chinese companies and the local communities; cases are found in Kenya, Mozambique, just to name a few. b) The international public opinion has been pervasively depicting Chinese investments as a â€Å"neo-colonialism† in Africa, which is not completely true but has burdened China with diplomatic pressure on human rights issues. As current Chinese policies towards Sino-African cooperation give tacit consent to humanitarian misconduct of Chinese entities and indiscriminately upper-level cooperation with some authoritarian governments, such a politically unsustainable strategy jeopardizes not only the reputation of Chinese companies but also the national image of China overseas. China’s long-term stance in Africa calls for a reform on China’s African policies. Since the problems in Sino-Africa cooperation derive from the deficiency of Chinese African policy and the ineffective surveillance system from both inside and outside, our fundamental solution is toShow MoreRelatedChina and Africa Trade Relations Essay1873 Words   |  8 Pagesplayed an important role in human history. Whether the swapping of an apple for an orange, or $12 million dollars for a new dam, the fluid movement of goods and services from one to another is how humans have been able to receive things they might not have had access to before. In the international community, trade is more important than ever, as it helps nations create camaraderie between each other, while simultaneously building their economies. Due to this, Africa has felt a burgeoning hopeRead MoreRussian Foreign Policy Paper3009 Words   |  13 Pagesover 15% of Russias overall trade volume . Russia also has strong relations with other countries, such as all of northern Europe, where it is willing to cooperate fully in strengthening ties by combining science, industry, and economics. One problem with the European Union is the historic Russian skepticism and resentment that was introduced during the Cold War towards the European Community, which consists of European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), the European Economic Community (EEC), andRead MoreForeign Policy of Pakistan from 1947 to 201210146 Words   |  41 Pageswhere else is noted that since its inception, Pakistan’s decision makers gave primacy to security concern in their external relations in view of the perceived threat from India. However, the bloody events at the time of partition created certain problems for Pakistan, which played a significant role in the development of its security and foreign policies. Therefore, Pakistani leaders looked for economic and military aid from the United States for her survival against its big hostile neighbour IndiaRead MoreRohingya Problem in Bangladesh6891 Words   |  28 Pagespeople  are an  Indo-Aryan  ethnic group from the state of  Rakhine  (also known as Arakan, or  Rohang  in the Rohingya language) in Burma. The Rohingya are ethno-linguistically related to the Indo-Aryan peoples of  India  and Bangladesh  (as opposed to the majority Sino-Tibetan people of Burma). The region of Rakhine was annexed and occupied by Myanmar in the 1700s, thus bringing the Rohingya people under Burmese rule. As of 2012, 800,000 Rohingya live in Burma. According to the United Nations, they are one of theRead MoreWater as a Source of Future Conflict in Sa26984 Words   |  108 PagesCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Fierce competition for fresh water may well become a source of conflict and wars in the future. - Kofi Annan, former U.N. Secretary-General in 2001 Background of the Study 1. Water is directly related with the survival of human kind and it is crucial unlike other resources, because it does not have choices and alternatives. As a consequence of global warming and pollution, importance of water has increased much. Some 2 billion people† already lack water supplies. Water useRead MorePolitical Situation in Pakistan14875 Words   |  60 Pagesyears of our existence, we find a dangerous tendency for international and subcontinental problems to get fused together. To maintain the view that crisis is the order of the day, a natural phenomenon of this restless age, is pointless. The prevailing demoniacal trend requires to be reversed. Ours is not the only country caught in the vicious circle of crises. Many countries have been able to settle similar problems and move on with added strength to other matters. The strength to move forward comes fromRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesMichael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Copyright  © 2010 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 2010 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Essays on twentieth century history / edited by Michael Peter Adas for the American Historical Association. p. cm.—(Critical perspectives on the past) Includes bibliographicalRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesINTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: CULTURE, STRATEGY, AND BEHAVIOR, EIGHTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright  © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions  © 2009, 2006, and 2003. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill CompaniesRead MoreIntercultural Communication21031 Words   |  85 Pagesunderstanding. Starting from these general observations, the main characteristics of intercultural communication can be established: †¢ Intercultural communication is a form of global communication. It is used to describe the wide range of communication problems that naturally appear within an organization made up of individuals from different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds. †¢ Intercultural communication is sometimes used synonymously with cross-cultural communication. In thisRead MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 Pagesexchange rates. See page 21. The calculation of results before major restructuring is described in Note 1 to the ï ¬ nancial statements, ‘Presentation of the ï ¬ nancial statements’. GSK Annual Report 2010 01 We exist to improve the quality of human life by enabling people to do more, feel better and live longer. We work by respecting people, maintaining our focus on the patient and consumer whilst operating with both integrity and transparency. We are looking to deliver shareholder value through

Pakistan Electricity Solutions and Ongoing Projects Free Essays

Written by: Afreen Baig http://economicpakistan. wordpress. com/2008/01/05/electricity/ â€Å"History† After the construction of the Hydro-Electric Tarbela Dam and the Mangla Dam, by General Ayub Khan and General Yahya Khan in the 1960’s, our governments failed to conceive and initiate major electricity projects. We will write a custom essay sample on Pakistan Electricity: Solutions and Ongoing Projects or any similar topic only for you Order Now The inept governments of PML-N and PPP, that still consider themselves vital to democratic dialogue within the provinces, failed to create dialogue within provinces, on the most important issue facing Pakistan’s energy survival – the Kalabagh Dam. Their governments failed to plan for the future growth and energy requirements. Recently the government of PPP has scraped the project altogether. â€Å"Unexpected Economic Boom Energy Consumption in the last 10 years† Pakistan’s $75 billion economy boomed into a $160 billion economy, with the consumption of gas, electricity and coal increasing YEARLY to an average rate of 7. 8 percent, 5. 1 percent and 8. 8 percent, respectively. The number of electricity consumers grew from 15. 9 million in 2005-06 to 16. 7 million in 2007, showing a growth of about 70 percent over the last 10 years. The major Energy consumption sectors of the country are: Industrial (38. percent), Transport (32. 8 percent), Residential and Commercial (25 percent), Agriculture (2. 5 percent) and others (2. 2 percent). As regards Electricity, the Household sector has been the largest consumer over the last 10 years, on average consuming 44. 8 percent, followed by Industrial sector (29. 4 percent), Agriculture (12. 2 percent), Commercial sector (5. 9 percent), Street lights (10. 6 percent), the officials say. â€Å"Record Sales of Electronic Items† Recently, we got good news from Pakistan Haier. In May, Pakistan Haier made new RECORD air-conditioner, refrigerator monthly output. The sale volume reached all time high, the year-on-year sale increase of Air-conditioner, Refrigerator, Washing machine, Micro wave and TV are 136%, 58%, 180%, 210% and 106% respectively. Similarly, many other Electronic Companies have created record sales. â€Å"Projects executed and under Construction† The first unit of 290-megawatt of Ghazi Brotha Hydel Project (GBHP) went into operation in June 2003, and contributed around 50mw of electricity to the national grid. Four more units were added every quarter, and by 2004 the GBHP was contributing 1,450 mw. Nuclear power plant Chashma-2, will soon come on-line, and will add another 300MW to the national grid. Mangla Dam uprising will give another 644 GWh of power. Gomal Zam Dam is under final stage of construction, and upon completion it will produce 17. 4MW In 1999, our installed capacity was merely 15,860 MW. (With Hydel 4826 + Thermal 10,897 + Nuclear 137) In 2005-06, our installed capacity increased to become 20,495 MW. (With Hydel 6499 + Thermal 13,534 + Nuclear 462) â€Å"Concrete steps under the PML-Q Government† President Pervez Musharraf launched the Rs 130 billion (US 2. 6 billion) Neelum-Jhelum Hydroelectric project aimed at producing 969 MW power. Work on 11 projects with an accumulative power generation capacity of more than 12,000MW would start by 2009. These projects include Bunji (5,400MW), Dasu (4,000MW), Kohala (1,100MW), Spatgah and Palas Valley (1,230MW). Wind and Solar Technology: Pakistan is seeking to explore alternative sources of energy production and use Wind and solar technologies with the aim to produce 9,700 MW wind power by 2030, thereby providing electricity to 7,874 off-grid villages in Sindh and Baluchistan. 25 wind water pumping systems have been installed in Balochistan. Over 140 micro wind turbines of 500 Watts each are operational in Sindh and Balochistan, providing electricity to 691 houses in 18 remote, off-grid villages. Hydel Power: The government is giving top priority to Hydel power with the potential of producing 40,000 MW Power of which only 15 percent had been exploited so far. In 2001, the Water and Power Development Authority of Pakistan identified 22 sites for launching Hydropower projects to meet the ever-increasing demand for cheap power. It indicated that about 15,074 mw could be generated on the completion of these projects, which would also meet the water irrigation requirements for the growing agriculture sector. Pakistan Sugar Mills: Association (PSMA) has informed the government that sugar mills can produce 2,000MW of electricity in the next five years. Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission: (PAEC) has decided to establish an Engineering Design Organization (EDO) for the indigenous development of nuclear power plants (NPPs) in the country. The PAEC informed authorities that it was planning to add about 1,260MW through Hydel power, 880MW from Alternate energy, 4,860MW from Gas, 900MW from Coal and 160MW from Oil by 2010. The Karachi Electric Supply Corporation (KESC) is investing in a new 220-megawatt power plant that will help control the power shortages in the city, said. The plant will start generating 192MW by March and the remaining 28MW will start being distributed by December 2008. Thar Coal: The government has decided to develop the Thar coal for power generation on a priority basis to overcome energy crisis following. Out of six various companies that inked MoU with concern authorities to establish coal power projects; two companies have started drilling work in their respective areas. Confirmed estimates that its reserves were equivalent to at least 850 Trillion Cubic Feet (TCF) of gas – about 30 times higher than Pakistan’s proven gas reserves of 28 TCF. By using only 2% of the existing coal reserves, we can generate around 20,000 MW (20 GW) for almost 40 years These estimates were confirmed by separate bankable feasibility studies conducted by Chinese and Russian experts. 85 Billion Tons of coal deposits in Pakistan were second only to 247 Billion Ton reserves in the United States and much higher than 157 and 115 Billion Ton reserves of Russia and China, respectively. Thar coal reserves were equivalent to at least 400 Billion Barrels of oil – equivalent to oil reserves of Saudi Arabia and Iran put together. One estimate puts Pakistan’s coal energy at 576 Billion Barr els of oil which is equivalent to the combined oil reserves of the 3 largest producers. The government is planning to set up 5,000-megawatt power generation facilities using coal as fuel within next few years. â€Å"Ongoing Power Projects† The Ongoing Power Projects for which allocations have been made in 2007-08 Budget, are Mangla Dam Raising Project (Rs 20 billion), Mirani Dam (Rs 500 million), Sabakzai Dam (Rs 200 million), Kurram Tangi Dam (Rs 2. 84 billion), Sadpara Multipurpose Dam Rs (900 million), Gomal Zam Dam (Rs 1. 8 billion), the Greater Thal Canal Phase I (Rs 8. 5 billion), the Greater Thal Canal Phase II (Rs 2. billion), construction of 20 small dams in NWFP (Rs 870 million), Bhasha/ Diamer Dam (Rs 500 million), Khan-Khawar hydro project (Rs 1. 3 billion), Dubir Khawar hydro project (Rs 2. 1 billion), transmission arrangements for power dispersal of Ghazi Barotha (Rs 1. 67 billion) and Neelam-Jhelum hydro project (Rs 10 billion). New projects for the next fiscal year include the Sukkur Barrage Rehabilitation and Improvement project (Rs 100 million), Akhori Dam PC I (Rs 200 million), construction of Jaban Hydroelectric Power Station and Jaban Hydroelectric Power Station (Rs 40 million). Upcoming Immediate Projects† Three rental power houses would start generating 1,067 megawatts of electricity by end of year 2008, respectively. Agreements had been signed with China to establish power plants at Nandipur and Chichu ki Malian, and tenders had been issued for two 500MW power plants at Dadu and Faisalabad which would be run by gas and furnace oil. An 800MW power plant would be set up at Guddu. (c) ECONOMIC PAKISTAN and PRESIDENT MUSHARRAF http://economicpakistan. wordpress. com/2008/01/05/electricity/ http://presidentmusharraf. wordpress. com/ How to cite Pakistan Electricity: Solutions and Ongoing Projects, Papers

Global terrorism Essay Example For Students

Global terrorism Essay RESEARCHED by AdnanTHEMEIn 1957, French Forces were able to militarily defeat and temporarily subdue FLN. However, to the surprise of the whole world, French President Charles De Gaulle opted for a political solution and announced independence for the Algerians in 1962. To what extent did the activities of FLN influence De Gaulle and what other factors can be identified which led to his surprising decision to grant independence to Algeria?Introduction1.The Algerian War of Independence (1954-62) was a period of guerrilla strikes, maquis fighting, terrorism against civilians on both sides, and riots between the French army and colonists in Algeria and the FLN (Front de Liberation Nationale) and other pro-independence Algerians. Although the French government of the time considered all Algerian violence, including violence against the French military, to be crimes or terrorism, some French people, such as former anti-Nazi guerrilla and lawyer(Jacques Verges) have compared French resista nce to Nazi German occupation to Algerian resistance to French occupation. 2.The struggle was touched off by the FLN in 1954, only two years before France was forced to give up its control over Tunisia and Morocco. The FLNs main Algerian rival with the same goal of Algerian independence was the later National Algerian Movement (Mouvement National Algerien, MNA) whose main supporters were Algerian workers in France. The FLN and MNA fought against each other in France, and sometimes in Algeria, for nearly the full duration of the conflict. 3.Algeria was the greatest and in many ways the archetype of all anti-colonial wars. In the 19th century the Europeans won colonial wars because the indigenous peoples had lost the will to resist. In the 20th century the roles were reversed, and it was Europe which lost the will to hang on to its gains. Algeria was a classic case of this reversal. 4.In 1830 Algeria became a French territory and in 1848 was made a departement attached to France . Dur ing this period political and economic power were held mainly by the minority of white settlers, and the indigenous Moslem minority did not have equal rights. Moslems were killed before independence was declared on July 5, 1962. Later that year the Algerian provisional government transferred authority to the Political Bureau of the FLN, the National Constituent Assembly was elected from a list of FLN candidates, and a republic was proclaimed with Ahmed Ben Bella, one of the original leaders of the FLN, as president. Nearly one million French and other Europeans (pieds noirs, or black feet) left the country when the French army withdrew. Aim5.To carryout a study of the activities of FLN and other contributing factors which led to the decision by the French government to give independence to Algeria. Sequence6.The sequence of presentation will be:-a.PART 1 (1)Geography. (2)Historical background. (3)Genesis of FLN. (4)Activities of FLN / Conduct of War. b.PART 2.Other Contributing Factors. (1)Diplomatic Achievements of FLN. (2) French Weaknesses. c.Conclusion. PART IGeography7.Algeria is located in northern Africa with Mediterranean Sea on its north and Tunisia in the northeast , Libya in the east, Niger in the southeast, Mali and Mauritania in the southwest, Morocco and Western Sahara in the west . The country is formally known as the Peoples Democratic Republic of Algeria. 8.The name Algeria is derived from the name of the city of Algiers, which in Arabic al-jaz#257;ir, translates as the islands, referring to the four islands which lay off the coast until becoming part of the mainland in 1525. 9.About 90% of the Algerians live in the northern, coastal area; although there are about 1.5 million people living in the southern desert most of them in oases. The mixed Berber and Arab population is mostly Islamic (99%); other religions are restricted to extremely small groups, mainly of foreigners. .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 , .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 .postImageUrl , .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 , .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688:hover , .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688:visited , .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688:active { border:0!important; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688:active , .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688 .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u01b05b7d8f5dac7cf4c7263c9fd75688:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Security terminology EssayHistorical Back Ground10.Algerias first inhabitants were Berbers, who still represent a significant minority. Algeria has been occupied many times during its history by Phoenicians and Romans among others but the Arab invasions of the 8th and 11th centuries A.D. had the greatest cultural impact. In 1492 Moors and Jews expelled from Spain settled in Algeria. Between 1518 and 1830 Algeria was an integral part of the Ottoman Empire. 11.On 14 Jun 1830, French tps landed on the coast, 25 miles away from Algiers and captured the city. They annexed